Linux User Management

ac		Print statistics about users’ connect time.
accton		Turn on accounting of processes. To turn it on type “accton /var/log/pacct”.
adduser		Ex: adduser mark – Effect: Adds a user to the system named mark
chage		Used to change the time the user’s password will expire.
chfn		Change the user full name field finger information
chgrp		Changes the group ownership of files.
chown		Change the owner of file(s ) to another user.
chpasswd		Update password file in batch.
chroot		Run command or interactive shell with special root directory.
chsh		Change the login shell.
edquota		Used to edit user or group quotas. This program uses the vi editor to edit the quota.user and quota.group files. If the environment variable EDITOR is set to emacs, the emacs editor will be used. Type “export EDITOR=emacs” to set that variable.
faillog		Examine faillog and set login failure limits.
finger		See what users are running on a system.
gpasswd		Administer the /etc/group file.
groupadd		Create a new group.
grpck		Verify the integrity of group files.
grpconv		Creates /etc/gshadow from the file /etc/group which converts to shadow passwords.
grpunconv		Uses the files /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow to create /etc/passwd, then deletes /etc/shadow which converts from shadow passwords.
groupdel		Delete a group.
groupmod		Modify a group.
groups		Print the groups a user is in
id		Print real and effective user id and group ids.
last		Display the last users logged on and how long.
lastb		Shows failed login attempts. This command requires the file /var/log/btmp to exist in order to work. Type “touch /var/log/btmp” to begin logging to this file.
lastcomm		Display information about previous commands in reverse order. Works only if process accounting is on.
lastlog		Formats and prints the contents of the last login.
logname		Print user’s login name.
newgrp		Lets a suer log in to a new group.
newusers		Update and create newusers in batch.
passwd		Set a user’s pass word.
pwck		Verify integrity of password files.
pwconv		Convert to and from shadow passwords and groups.
quota		Display users’ limits and current disk usage.
quotaoff		Turns system quotas off.
quotaon		Turns system quotas on.
quotacheck		Used to check a filesystem for usage, and update the quota.user file.
repquota		Lists a summary of quota information on filesystems.
sa		Generates a summary of information about users’ processes that are stored in the /var/log/pacct file.
smbclient		Works similar to an ftp client enabling the user to transfer files to and from a windows based computer.
smbmount		Allows a shared directory on a windows machine to be mounted on the Linux machine.
smbpasswd		Program to change users passwords for samba.
su		Ex: su mark – Effect: changes the user to mark, If not root will need marks password.
sulogin		Single user login.
ulimit		A bash builtin command for setting the processes a user can run.
useradd		Create a new user or update default new user information.
userdel		Delete a user account and related files.
usermod		Modify a user account.
users		Print the user names of users currently logged in.
utmpdump		Used for debugging.
vigr		Edit the password or group files.
vipw		Edit the password or group files.
w		Display users logged in and what they are doing.
wall		Send a message to everybody’s terminal.
who		Display the users logged in.
whoami		Print effective user id.

Change and Reset MySQL root Password

Here is a quick Step-by-Step “how to” which helps restoring MySQL root password that was lost/forgotten.

It happens to everybody, especially if several distributed (different) systems are maintained, where the password is not the same. Here is what needs to be done to restore it:

Step 1: Stop MySQL daemon if it is currently running

Depending on the operating system MySQL is installed on, the daemon can be checked/stopped differently. Here is an example on how to do it in Unix-like systems.

NOTE: You might need to run it as a Unix System superuser (root) - depending on how the system is configured,
          and what permissions your Unix account is granted)

Here is how to stop/kill the existing mysql daemon, in case it is running:

      ps -ef | grep mysql - checks if mysql/mysqld is one of the running processes.

      pkill mysqld             - kills the daemon, if it is running.

Note: if pkill (’process kill’) is not on a particular Unix system, use kill -9 ‘pid’, where ‘pid’ corresponds to processes that were found with ps -ef | grep mysql

Step 2: Run MySQL safe daemon with skipping grant tables

      mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

Step 3: Login to MySQL as root with no password

      mysql -u root mysql

Step 4: Run UPDATE query to reset the root password

In MySQL command line prompt issue the following two commands:

UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('MyNewPass') WHERE User='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Step 5: Stop MySQL safe daemon

Follow the first two steps, but this time kill (pkill) “mysqld_safe” instead of “mysqld”

Step 6: Start MySQL daemon

Depending on the operating system (Unix-like examples):

      /etc/rc.d/rc.mysql start

OR

      /etc/init.d/mysql start

OR

      /etc/rc.5/mysql start

etc.. check existing MySQL configuration

Step 7: Root password is reset and ready to use

Password is reset. Privileges are flushed. Start MySQL and login as root with the password set in step 4:

      mysql -u root -p mysql

Mounting NTFS to FreeBSD or UNIX

I had my External hard drive with NTFS filesystem, I’m mounting it using the command ” mount -t ntfs /dev/da0s1 /mnt/ ” then it works, but now the problem is that I can’t write anything on the hard drive because it ii on Read-only access. Then I have searched the internet to find some solution to my problem and jackpot I made it work, I can now Read and Write on the NTFS Hard drive.

Here’s the Commands:

Installing the NTFS-3G.

# cd /usr/ports/sysutils/fusefs-ntfs

# sudo make instal clean

Loading the Fuse.ko module:

# sudo kldload /usr/local/modules/fuse.ko

Mounting the NFS hard drive:

# sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/da0s1 /mnt

Good Luck and Happy BSD,

LordHendrix Rulez

My blog has been featured on its 4th day old

I wrote my first blog post on my 3rd day of registration on wordpress,

and on the following day I visited my blog ..

Wow…. WordPress surprised me when my blog has been featured..

Here’s a screen shot of my featured blog:

FreeBSD running an application problem

Here’s the problem, after running an application it returns this error.

/libexec/ld- elf.so.1: Shared object “libintl.so. 6″ not found, required by

Here’s the simple command.

# cd /usr/local/lib

# ln -s libintl.so.8 libintl.so.6

Now here’s my log:

[root@ /usr/local/lib] # gaim
/libexec/ld- elf.so.1: Shared object “libintl.so. 6″ not found, required by “gaim”
[root@ /usr/local/lib] # ln -s libintl.so.8 libintl.so.6
[root@ /usr/local/lib] # gaim &
[5] 1766
— End of log —

I know this will help you a lot. Please post a comment if it works.

Thanks Happy FreeBSD to all.

…LordHendrix Rules…